Wings Like a Dove
Psalm 55 summary: what it means
Psalm 55 is a prayer from someone overwhelmed. It opens by asking God to listen, then describes what fear feels like: a pained heart, the terrors of death, trembling and horror. In verse 6 the writer wishes for wings like a dove, to fly away and be at rest. The city around him is full of violence, lies and threats. Then comes the worst part: the attacker is not an enemy but a close companion.
The psalm moves back and forth between grief and trust. The writer says he will call on God evening, morning and noon, and that God will hear. The betrayer's words were smooth as butter but were drawn swords. Verse 22 tells the reader to cast their burden on the LORD, and the last line is short: I will trust in you.
Psalm 55: Wings Like a Dove
World English Bible, public domain. allpsalms.com/psalm-55
Psalm 55 commentary: explained verse by verse
Listen to my prayer, God.Don’t hide yourself from my supplication.
Give ear to my prayer, O God; and hide not thyself from my supplication.
The psalm opens with two requests: listen to my prayer, and do not hide yourself. The fear behind it is that God might turn away while the writer is pleading.
Also read Psalm 64:1, Psalm 54:1-2, Lamentations 3:8, Psalm 80:4
Attend to me, and answer me.I am restless in my complaint,and moan
Attend unto me, and hear me: I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise;
The writer asks to be answered and admits he is restless in his complaint. He is not composed, and he moans as he prays.
Also read Isaiah 38:14, Psalm 13:1-2, Psalm 77:3, Psalm 38:6
because of the voice of the enemy,because of the oppression of the wicked.For they bring suffering on me.In anger they hold a grudge against me.
Because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked: for they cast iniquity upon me, and in wrath they hate me.
The complaint begins with a sound: the voice of the enemy. The speaker is under oppression from the wicked, who bring suffering on him and hold a grudge in anger. The KJV reads they cast iniquity upon me, and in wrath they hate me, and this is the pressure the rest of the psalm wants to escape.
Also read 2 Samuel 16:7-8, Psalm 54:3, Psalm 71:11, Psalm 12:5
My heart is severely pained within me.The terrors of death have fallen on me.
My heart is sore pained within me: and the terrors of death are fallen upon me.
Also read Psalm 116:3, Hebrews 5:7, John 12:27, Psalm 6:3
Fearfulness and trembling have come on me.Horror has overwhelmed me.
Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath overwhelmed me.
Fear is described through the body: fearfulness, trembling and a horror that overwhelms. The verse names the feeling plainly rather than hiding it.
Also read Psalm 42:6, Ezekiel 7:18, Job 21:6, Luke 22:44
I said, “Oh that I had wings like a dove!Then I would fly away, and be at rest.
And I said, Oh that I had wings like a dove! for then would I fly away, and be at rest.
The writer turns his fear into a wish. He longs for wings like a dove so he could fly away and be at rest, a picture of wanting escape rather than victory.
Also read Psalm 139:9, Revelation 12:14, Psalm 11:1
Behold, then I would wander far off.I would lodge in the wilderness.” Selah.
Lo, then would I wander far off, and remain in the wilderness. Selah.
Also read 2 Samuel 15:14, 1 Samuel 27:1, 2 Samuel 17:21-22, Proverbs 6:4-5
“I would hurry to a shelter from the stormy wind and storm.”
I would hasten my escape from the windy storm and tempest.
Also read Isaiah 4:6, Psalm 18:4, Isaiah 17:12-13, Matthew 7:25-27
Confuse them, Lord, and confound their language,for I have seen violence and strife in the city.
Destroy, O Lord, and divide their tongues: for I have seen violence and strife in the city.
Also read Jeremiah 23:14, John 7:45-53, 2 Samuel 15:31, Genesis 11:7-9
Day and night they prowl around on its walls.Malice and abuse are also within her.
Day and night they go about it upon the walls thereof: mischief also and sorrow are in the midst of it.
Also read Micah 2:1-2, Acts 9:24, Psalm 59:6, Psalm 59:14-15
Destructive forces are within her.Threats and lies don’t depart from her streets.
Wickedness is in the midst thereof: deceit and guile depart not from her streets.
The city is described as a place where destructive forces live and where threats and lies never leave the streets. The danger is inside the walls, not only outside them.
Also read Jeremiah 5:26-27, Acts 7:51-52, Ezekiel 22:1-12, Matthew 26:4
For it was not an enemy who insulted me,then I could have endured it.Neither was it he who hated me who raised himself up against me,then I would have hidden myself from him.
For it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne it: neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself against me; then I would have hid myself from him:
Here the psalm explains why this attack is so hard. An open enemy could have been endured or avoided, but verse 13 names the attacker as a man like me, my companion and my familiar friend.
Also read Psalm 35:26, Psalm 41:9, Psalm 38:16, Matthew 26:21-23
But it was you, a man like me,my companion, and my familiar friend.
But it was thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance.
This is the turn that makes Psalm 55 so hard to read. The attacker is not a stranger but a man like me, my companion, my familiar friend. The KJV has a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance. The verse gives words to being hurt by someone close.
Also read Micah 7:5, Psalm 41:9, Jeremiah 9:4, Luke 22:47-48
We took sweet fellowship together.We walked in God’s house with company.
We took sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in company.
Also read Psalm 42:4, Psalm 122:1, Ezekiel 33:31, Isaiah 2:3
Let death come suddenly on them.Let them go down alive into Sheol.For wickedness is among them, in their dwelling.
Let death seize upon them, and let them go down quick into hell: for wickedness is in their dwellings, and among them.
The writer asks for death to come suddenly on his attackers and for them to go down alive into Sheol. The reason given is that wickedness lives among them.
Also read Acts 1:18-20, Psalm 109:6-20, Psalm 59:13, Acts 1:25
As for me, I will call on God.The LORD will save me.
As for me, I will call upon God; and the LORD shall save me.
After the anger comes a turn. The writer says he will call on God, and states that the LORD will save him.
Also read Psalm 91:15, Psalm 109:4, Psalm 50:15, Luke 6:11-12
Evening, morning, and at noon, I will cry out in distress.He will hear my voice.
Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I pray, and cry aloud: and he shall hear my voice.
Prayer is set at three times of day: evening, morning and noon. The writer cries out in distress each time and is confident God will hear his voice.
Also read Psalm 5:2-3, Daniel 6:10, Acts 10:3, Psalm 119:147-148
He has redeemed my soul in peace from the battle that was against me,although there are many who oppose me.
He hath delivered my soul in peace from the battle that was against me: for there were many with me.
The writer speaks of rescue as already done. God has redeemed his soul in peace from the battle against him, even though many still oppose him.
Also read Psalm 57:3, 1 John 4:4, Psalm 3:6-7, 2 Samuel 22:1
God, who is enthroned forever,will hear and answer them. Selah.They never changeand don’t fear God.
God shall hear, and afflict them, even he that abideth of old. Selah. Because they have no changes, therefore they fear not God.
Also read Proverbs 1:32, Zephaniah 1:12, Psalm 73:5-6, Ecclesiastes 8:11
He raises his hands against his friends.He has violated his covenant.
He hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him: he hath broken his covenant.
The friend of verse 13 returns, now described from a distance. He raises his hands against his friends and has violated his covenant, so the wrong is broken trust as well as violence. The KJV reads he hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him: he hath broken his covenant.
Also read Psalm 7:4, 2 Samuel 5:3, Psalm 89:38, Psalm 89:28
His mouth was smooth as butter,but his heart was war.His words were softer than oil,yet they were drawn swords.
The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was in his heart: his words were softer than oil, yet were they drawn swords.
The betrayer's speech is described in contrasts. His mouth was smooth as butter and his words softer than oil, but his heart was war and his words were drawn swords.
Also read Proverbs 26:28, Matthew 26:25, Psalm 64:3, Psalm 62:4
Cast your burden on the LORD and he will sustain you.He will never allow the righteous to be moved.
Cast thy burden upon the LORD, and he shall sustain thee: he shall never suffer the righteous to be moved.
Here the psalm speaks to the reader directly. The reader is told to cast their burden on the LORD, with the promise that he will sustain them and never allow the righteous to be moved.
Also read Luke 12:22, Matthew 11:28, Psalm 37:5, Psalm 16:8
But you, God, will bring them down into the pit of destruction.Bloodthirsty and deceitful men shall not live out half their days,but I will trust in you.
But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction: bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will trust in thee.
The psalm ends with two statements side by side. Bloodthirsty and deceitful men will not live out half their days, and the writer closes with his own choice: I will trust in you.
Also read Psalm 59:12-13, Matthew 27:4-5, Psalm 73:18, 2 Samuel 3:27
A prayer from Psalm 55
God, listen to my prayer and do not hide yourself from me. I am restless, and my heart is in pain. Some days I wish I had wings like a dove, so I could fly away and be at rest. The hurt did not come from an enemy. It came from someone close, a friend I once walked with in your house. Words that were smooth as butter turned out to be drawn swords. Evening, morning and at noon I will call on you. I cast my burden on you. Sustain me. I leave judgement with you, and I will trust in you. Amen.
Psalm 55 Bible study questions
- In verses 6 to 8, what does the speaker wish for, and what does he hope to find far off in the wilderness?
- In verses 12 to 14, how does the speaker describe the person who hurt him, and why does he say an enemy would have been easier to bear?
- Verse 21 contrasts words smoother than oil with a heart set on war; how do you tell the difference between words that sound kind and words that are kind?
- Verse 22 says to cast your burden on the LORD; what burden would you name if you prayed this verse today?
- Psalm 41:9 also speaks of a familiar friend who turned against the writer; what do Psalm 55:13 and Psalm 41:9 have in common?
Questions about Psalm 55
What is the meaning of Psalm 55?
It is a lament from someone frightened and betrayed by a close friend. The writer longs to escape, asks God to deal with his attackers, and ends by casting his burden on the LORD and trusting him.
Who wrote Psalm 55?
The heading attributes it to David and calls it a contemplation, for the Chief Musician on stringed instruments. The friend who betrayed the writer is not named.
What does Psalm 55:22 say in the KJV?
The King James Version reads: "Cast thy burden upon the LORD, and he shall sustain thee: he shall never suffer the righteous to be moved."
What does Psalm 55:6 mean?
The writer wishes he had wings like a dove so he could fly away and be at rest. It expresses the wish to escape a situation that has become too much.
What does Psalm 55:12-14 describe?
These verses say the attack came from a close companion who shared fellowship with the writer and walked with him in God's house, not from an open enemy.
What does Psalm 55:16-17 mean?
The writer resolves to call on God and to pray evening, morning and noon, trusting that the LORD will save him and hear his voice.
Psalm 55 KJV: the King James Version
Give ear to my prayer, O God; and hide not thyself from my supplication.1
Attend unto me, and hear me: I mourn in my complaint, and make a noise;2
Because of the voice of the enemy, because of the oppression of the wicked: for they cast iniquity upon me, and in wrath they hate me.3
My heart is sore pained within me: and the terrors of death are fallen upon me.4
Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath overwhelmed me.5
And I said, Oh that I had wings like a dove! for then would I fly away, and be at rest.6
Lo, then would I wander far off, and remain in the wilderness. Selah.7
I would hasten my escape from the windy storm and tempest.8
Destroy, O Lord, and divide their tongues: for I have seen violence and strife in the city.9
Day and night they go about it upon the walls thereof: mischief also and sorrow are in the midst of it.10
Wickedness is in the midst thereof: deceit and guile depart not from her streets.11
For it was not an enemy that reproached me; then I could have borne it: neither was it he that hated me that did magnify himself against me; then I would have hid myself from him:12
But it was thou, a man mine equal, my guide, and mine acquaintance.13
We took sweet counsel together, and walked unto the house of God in company.14
Let death seize upon them, and let them go down quick into hell: for wickedness is in their dwellings, and among them.15
As for me, I will call upon God; and the LORD shall save me.16
Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I pray, and cry aloud: and he shall hear my voice.17
He hath delivered my soul in peace from the battle that was against me: for there were many with me.18
God shall hear, and afflict them, even he that abideth of old. Selah. Because they have no changes, therefore they fear not God.19
He hath put forth his hands against such as be at peace with him: he hath broken his covenant.20
The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was in his heart: his words were softer than oil, yet were they drawn swords.21
Cast thy burden upon the LORD, and he shall sustain thee: he shall never suffer the righteous to be moved.22
But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction: bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will trust in thee.23
Psalm 55 in Hebrew
The Hebrew text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Verse numbers follow the Hebrew Bible, which counts a psalm's heading as verse 1, so they can run one ahead of English Bibles.
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1 לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ בִּנְגִינֹ֗ת מַשְׂכִּ֥יל לְדָוִֽד׃
2 הַאֲזִ֣ינָה אֱ֭לֹהִים תְּפִלָּתִ֑י וְאַל־תִּ֝תְעַלַּ֗ם מִתְּחִנָּתִֽי׃
3 הַקְשִׁ֣יבָה לִּ֣י וַעֲנֵ֑נִי אָרִ֖יד בְּשִׂיחִ֣י וְאָהִֽימָה׃
4 מִקּ֤וֹל אוֹיֵ֗ב מִפְּנֵ֣י עָקַ֣ת רָשָׁ֑ע כִּי־יָמִ֥יטוּ עָלַ֥י אָ֝֗וֶן וּבְאַ֥ף יִשְׂטְמֽוּנִי׃
5 לִ֭בִּי יָחִ֣יל בְּקִרְבִּ֑י וְאֵימ֥וֹת מָ֝֗וֶת נָפְל֥וּ עָלָֽי׃
6 יִרְאָ֣ה וָ֭רַעַד יָ֣בֹא בִ֑י וַ֝תְּכַסֵּ֗נִי פַּלָּצֽוּת׃
7 וָאֹמַ֗ר מִֽי־יִתֶּן־לִּ֣י אֵ֭בֶר כַּיּוֹנָ֗ה אָע֥וּפָה וְאֶשְׁכֹּֽנָה׃
8 הִ֭נֵּה אַרְחִ֣יק נְדֹ֑ד אָלִ֖ין בַּמִּדְבָּ֣ר סֶֽלָה׃
9 אָחִ֣ישָׁה מִפְלָ֣ט לִ֑י מֵר֖וּחַ סֹעָ֣ה מִסָּֽעַר׃
10 בַּלַּ֣ע אֲ֭דֹנָי פַּלַּ֣ג לְשׁוֹנָ֑ם כִּֽי־רָאִ֨יתִי חָמָ֖ס וְרִ֣יב בָּעִֽיר׃
11 יוֹמָ֤ם וָלַ֗יְלָה יְסוֹבְבֻ֥הָ עַל־חוֹמֹתֶ֑יהָ וְאָ֖וֶן וְעָמָ֣ל בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃
12 הַוּ֥וֹת בְּקִרְבָּ֑הּ וְֽלֹא־יָמִ֥ישׁ מֵ֝רְחֹבָ֗הּ תֹּ֣ךְ וּמִרְמָֽה׃
13 כִּ֤י לֹֽא־אוֹיֵ֥ב יְחָֽרְפֵ֗נִי וְאֶ֫שָּׂ֥א לֹֽא־מְ֭שַׂנְאִי עָלַ֣י הִגְדִּ֑יל וְאֶסָּתֵ֥ר מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
14 וְאַתָּ֣ה אֱנ֣וֹשׁ כְּעֶרְכִּ֑י אַ֝לּוּפִ֗י וּמְיֻדָּֽעִי׃
15 אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַ֭חְדָּו נַמְתִּ֣יק ס֑וֹד בְּבֵ֥ית אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים נְהַלֵּ֥ךְ בְּרָֽגֶשׁ׃
16 ישימות עָלֵ֗ימוֹ יֵרְד֣וּ שְׁא֣וֹל חַיִּ֑ים כִּֽי־רָע֖וֹת בִּמְגוּרָ֣ם בְּקִרְבָּֽם׃
17 אֲ֭נִי אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֶקְרָ֑א וַ֝יהוָ֗ה יוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי׃
18 עֶ֤רֶב וָבֹ֣קֶר וְ֭צָהֳרַיִם אָשִׂ֣יחָה וְאֶהֱמֶ֑ה וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע קוֹלִֽי׃
19 פָּ֘דָ֤ה בְשָׁל֣וֹם נַ֭פְשִׁי מִקֲּרָב־לִ֑י כִּֽי־בְ֝רַבִּ֗ים הָי֥וּ עִמָּדִֽי׃
20 יִשְׁמַ֤ע ׀ אֵ֨ל ׀ וְֽיַעֲנֵם֮ וְיֹ֤שֵׁ֥ב קֶ֗דֶם סֶ֥לָה אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵ֣ין חֲלִיפ֣וֹת לָ֑מוֹ וְלֹ֖א יָרְא֣וּ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
21 שָׁלַ֣ח יָ֭דָיו בִּשְׁלֹמָ֗יו חִלֵּ֥ל בְּרִיתֽוֹ׃
22 חָלְק֤וּ ׀ מַחְמָאֹ֣ת פִּיו֮ וּֽקֲרָב־לִ֫בּ֥וֹ רַכּ֖וּ דְבָרָ֥יו מִשֶּׁ֗מֶן וְהֵ֣מָּה פְתִחֽוֹת׃
23 הַשְׁלֵ֤ךְ עַל־יְהוָ֨ה ׀ יְהָבְךָ֮ וְה֪וּא יְכַ֫לְכְּלֶ֥ךָ לֹא־יִתֵּ֖ן לְעוֹלָ֥ם מ֗וֹט לַצַּדִּֽיק׃
24 וְאַתָּ֤ה אֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ תּוֹרִדֵ֬ם ׀ לִבְאֵ֬ר שַׁ֗חַת אַנְשֵׁ֤י דָמִ֣ים וּ֭מִרְמָה לֹא־יֶחֱצ֣וּ יְמֵיהֶ֑ם וַ֝אֲנִ֗י אֶבְטַח־בָּֽךְ׃
Psalm 55 in the Catholic Douay-Rheims Bible
The Douay-Rheims Bible, 1899 edition, public domain. It follows the Greek and Latin numbering, so this psalm is Psalm 54 there.
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1 Unto the end, in verses, understanding for David.
2 Hear, O God, my prayer, and despise not my supplication:
3 Be attentive to me and hear me. I am grieved in my exercise; and am troubled,
4 At the voice of the enemy, and at the tribulation of the sinner. For they have cast iniquities upon me: and in wrath they were troublesome to me.
5 My heart is troubled within me: and the fear of death is fallen upon me.
6 Fear and trembling are come upon me: and darkness hath covered me.
7 And I said: Who will give me wings like a dove, and I will fly and be at rest?
8 Lo, I have gone far off flying away; and I abode in the wilderness.
9 I waited for him that hath saved me from pusillanimity of spirit, and a storm.
10 Cast down, O Lord, and divide their tongues; for I have seen iniquity and contradiction in the city.
11 Day and night shall iniquity surround it upon its walls: and in the midst thereof are labour,
12 And injustice. And usury and deceit have not departed from its streets.
13 For if my enemy had reviled me, I would verily have borne with it. And if he that hated me had spoken great things against me, I would perhaps have hidden myself from him.
14 But thou a man of one mind, my guide, and my familiar,
15 Who didst take sweetmeats together with me: in the house of God we walked with consent.
16 Let death come upon them, and let them go down alive into hell. For there is wickedness in their dwellings: in the midst of them.
17 But I have cried to God: and the Lord will save me.
18 Evening and morning, and at noon I will speak and declare: and he shall hear my voice.
19 He shall redeem my soul in peace from them that draw near to me: for among many they were with me.
20 God shall hear, and the Eternal shall humble them. For there is no change with them, and they have not feared God:
21 He hath stretched forth his hand to repay. They have defiled his covenant,
22 They are divided by the wrath Of his countenance, and his heart hath drawn near. His words are smoother than oil, and the same are darts.
23 Cast thy care upon the Lord, and he shall sustain thee: he shall not suffer the just to waver for ever.
24 But thou, O God, shalt bring them down into the pit of destruction. Bloody and deceitful men shall not live out half their days; but I will trust in thee, O Lord.
Psalm 55 in Latin
The Clementine Vulgate, public domain, where this psalm is Psalm 54.
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1 In finem, in carminibus. Intellectus David.
2 Exaudi, Deus, orationem meam, et ne despexeris deprecationem meam:
3 intende mihi, et exaudi me. Contristatus sum in exercitatione mea, et conturbatus sum
4 a voce inimici, et a tribulatione peccatoris. Quoniam declinaverunt in me iniquitates, et in ira molesti erant mihi.
5 Cor meum conturbatum est in me, et formido mortis cecidit super me.
6 Timor et tremor venerunt super me, et contexerunt me tenebræ.
7 Et dixi: Quis dabit mihi pennas sicut columbæ, et volabo, et requiescam?
8 Ecce elongavi fugiens, et mansi in solitudine.
9 Exspectabam eum qui salvum me fecit a pusillanimitate spiritus, et tempestate.
10 Præcipita, Domine; divide linguas eorum: quoniam vidi iniquitatem et contradictionem in civitate.
11 Die ac nocte circumdabit eam super muros ejus iniquitas; et labor in medio ejus,
12 et injustitia: et non defecit de plateis ejus usura et dolus.
13 Quoniam si inimicus meus maledixisset mihi, sustinuissem utique. Et si is qui oderat me super me magna locutus fuisset, abscondissem me forsitan ab eo.
14 Tu vero homo unanimis, dux meus, et notus meus:
15 qui simul mecum dulces capiebas cibos; in domo Dei ambulavimus cum consensu.
16 Veniat mors super illos, et descendant in infernum viventes: quoniam nequitiæ in habitaculis eorum, in medio eorum.
17 Ego autem ad Deum clamavi, et Dominus salvabit me.
18 Vespere, et mane, et meridie, narrabo, et annuntiabo; et exaudiet vocem meam.
19 Redimet in pace animam meam ab his qui appropinquant mihi: quoniam inter multos erant mecum.
20 Exaudiet Deus, et humiliabit illos, qui est ante sæcula. Non enim est illis commutatio, et non timuerunt Deum.
21 Extendit manum suam in retribuendo; contaminaverunt testamentum ejus:
22 divisi sunt ab ira vultus ejus, et appropinquavit cor illius. Molliti sunt sermones ejus super oleum; et ipsi sunt jacula.
23 Jacta super Dominum curam tuam, et ipse te enutriet; non dabit in æternum fluctuationem justo.
24 Tu vero, Deus, deduces eos in puteum interitus. Viri sanguinum et dolosi non dimidiabunt dies suos; ego autem sperabo in te, Domine.
Printable Psalm 55: free, large print and PDF
Print Psalm 55 for free: the whole psalm or only the verses you tick. Choose regular, large or extra large print, and a plain page, a framed sheet to hang on the wall or a verse card, in the World English Bible or the King James Version. To keep a PDF, choose Save as PDF in the print window. Nothing to sign up for.
Psalm 55 at a glance
| Verses | 23 |
| Heading in the text | For the Chief Musician. On stringed instruments. A contemplation by David. |
| Attributed to | The heading attributes it to David and calls it a contemplation, for the Chief Musician on stringed instruments. |
| Type | Lament and Trust |
| Number in Greek and Latin Bibles | Psalm 54 |
Read Psalm 55 when you are facing
anxietyworrystressbroken heart
Psalm 55 in other translations
This page prints the World English Bible and the King James Version because both are public domain. The NIV, ESV, NKJV, NLT and NASB are under copyright, so they cannot be printed in full here. You can read Psalm 55 in those translations at Bible Gateway.
Where Psalm 55 belongs
Psalms of DavidBook 2 of the Psalms
How this page was made
The psalm text comes from public domain translations and is not edited. The summary, the verse notes and the answers are written for this page from the text of the psalm itself. Where a claim goes beyond the text, it is sourced below.
Sources
- Text: World English Bible and King James Version, both public domain, from ebible.org source
- Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain, from ebible.org source
- Douay-Rheims: Douay-Rheims Bible, 1899 edition, public domain, from ebible.org source
- Latin text: Clementine Vulgate, public domain, from ebible.org source
- Numbering: Greek and Latin psalm numbering, Wikipedia, Psalms source